All wines are made by grape juice through the fermentation process. In grapes, nature has given immaculate chemical balance; thus, it can ferment without the addition of enzymes, sugar, acids, etc.
Generally, when people go to a bar or wine shop they believe or think that there are hundreds of types of wine after looking at hundreds of different types of attractive bottles. This is merely a fallacy. There are only five basic types of wine that exist, and all wines come under the umbrella. The five main types of wine are:
Red Wine
As its name suggests, this type of wine is made of red grapes (they are also called black grapes). During the fermentation process, the grape’s red skins leave in to make their color red. These types of wine are heavier than white wines; due to its skin, it has more tannin. The grapes skins also help in flavoring the wine. Some of the most famous types of grapes which are used in the making of red wines are as follows:
* Cabernet Sauvignon * Nebbiolo * Montepulciano * Pinot Noir * Sangiovese * Tempranillo
White Wine
White wine is made of white grapes. It is possible to make white wine with red grapes, but generally, it is made by white grapes. The white grapes juice is separated from the skins before the fermentation process; in addition, its juice does not absorb the color of its skins and because of this, it has less tannin as compared to the red wine. Some of the most famous types of grapes which are used in the making of white wines are as follows:
* Chardonnay * Pinot Grigio * Gewrztraminer * Pinot Meunier * Semillon
Fortified Wine
In fortified wines, extra alcohol (generally brandy) is added for preservation purposes. The alcohol level (ABV – alcohol by volume) in fortified wines is not less than 14% and not more than 22%. In the United States, it is called dessert wine and in Europe, it is called liqueur. Normally, the ABV of fortified wines is over 20%.
Rosé Wine
Rosé wines are also made of red grapes. During its making, the skins of the red grapes are left in for some time to make their color reddish or pinkish, and for this reason, this type of wine also contains some amount of tannin. In addition, rose wines are also called blush wines.
Sparkling Wine
To give a fizzy effect and look, a significant level of carbon dioxide is added to wines. Carbon dioxide is added through the natural fermentation process or by injecting its doses. These types of wines are called “sparkling wines”. Champagne is only a type of it. Sparkling wines are generally white or rose; however, red sparkling wines are also available.
In a sentence, we can conclude it as though you may say hundreds of bottles in a bar but they primarily belong to one of the aforementioned types of wines.
